Treaty of Paris, 1763

F.O. State Papers.
Treaties

February 10th 1763.­

DEFINITIVE Treaty of Peace and Alliance between Great Britain France and Spain, concluded at Paris, with the separate Articles thereunto belonging.

Au nom de la Très Sainte & Indivisible Trinitè, Pere, Fils, & Saint Esprit. Ainsi soit il.

Soit notoire à Tous Ceux, qu'il appartiendra ou peut appartenir, en Maniere quelconque.

Il a plû au Tout Puissant de repandre l'Esprit d'Union & de Concorde sur les Princes, dont les Divisions avoient porté le Trouble dans les quatre Parties du Monde, & de leur inspirer le Dessein de faire succeder les Douceurs de la Paix aux Malheurs d'une longue et sanglante Guerre, qui, après s'être elevée entre L'Angleterre & La France, pendant le Regne du Serenissime & Tres Puissant Prince Georges 2. par la Grace de Dieu Roy de la Grande Bretagne, de glorieuse Memoire, a été continueé sous le Regne du Serenissime & Très Puissant Prince Georges 3. Son Successeur, & s'est communiquée dans ses Progres à l'Espagne & au Portugal; En Consequence, Le Serenissime & Très-Puissant Prince Georges 3., par la Grace de Dieu Roy de la Grande Bretagne, de France, et d'Irlande, Duc de Brunswick & de Lunebourg, Archi-Tresorier & Electeur du Saint Empire Romain; Le Serenissime & Très Puissant Prince, Louis 15. par la Grace de Dieu Roy Très Chretien-- Et Le Serenissime & Très Puissant Prince Charles 3. par la Grace de Dieu Roy d'Espagne, & des Indes, après avoir posé les Fondemens de la Paix dans les Preliminaires signés le 3: Novbre dernier à Fontainebleau; Et le Serme & Très puissant Prince Dom Joseph 1er par la Grace de Dieu Roy de Portugal & des Algarves, après y avoir accedé; Ont resolû de consommer sans Delai ce grand & important Ouvrage; A cet Effet les hautes Parties Contractantes ont nommé & constitué Leurs Ambassadeurs Extraordinaires & Ministres Plenipotentiaires respectifs; Savoir, Sa Sacrée Majesté Le Roy de la Grande Bretagne, Le Très illustre & très excellent Seigneur, Jean, Duc & Comte de Bedford, Marquis de Tavistock &c., Son Ministre d'Etat, Lieutenant General de Ses Armées, Garde de son Sceau Privé, Chevalier du Très Noble Ordre de la Jarretiere, & Son Ambassadeur Extraordinaire & Ministre Plenipotentiaire près de Sa Majesté Très Chretienne; Sa Sacrée Majesté Le Roy Très Chretien, le très illustre & très excellent Seigneur, Cesar Gabriel de Choiseul, Duc de Praslin, Pair de France, Chevalier de ses Ordres, Lieutenant General de ses Armées, & de la Province de Bretagne, Conseiller en tous ses Conseils, et Ministre & Secretaire d'Etat, & de ses Commandemens & Finances; Sa Sacrée Majesté Le Roy Catholique le très illustre & tres excellent Seigneur Dom Gerom Grimaldi, Marquis de Grimaldi, Chevalier des Ordres du Roy Très Chretien, Gentilhomme de la Chambre de Sa Majesté Catholique avec Exercice, & Son Ambassadeur Extraordinaire près de Sa Majesté Très Chretienne; Sa Sacrée Majesté Le Roy Très Fidele, le très illustre & très excellent Seigneur, Martin de Mello & Castro, Chevalier profès de l'Ordre de Christ, du Conseil de Sa Majesté Très Fidele, & Son Ambassadeur & Ministre Plenipotentiaire auprès de S. M Très Chretne; Lesquels, après s'être duëment communiqué leurs Plein pouvoirs en bonne Forme (& dont les Copies sont transcrites à la Fin du present Traité de Paix) sont convenus des Articles, dont**** la Teneur s'ensuit.

ARTICLE 1

Il y aura une Paix Chretienne, universelle, & perpetuelle tant par Mer que par Terre, & une Amitié sincere & constante sera retablie entre Leurs Majestés Britannique, Très Chretienne, Catholique, & Très Fidele, & entre leurs Heritiers, & Successeurs, Royaumes, Etats, Provinces, Pays, Sujets, & Vassaux, de quelque Qualité et Condition qu'Ils soient, sans Exception de Lieux, ni de Personnes, en sorte que les Hautes Parties Contractantes apporteront la plus grande Attention à maintenir entr'Elles & leurs dits Etats & Sujets cette Amitié & Correspondance reciproque, sans permettre dorenavant, que de Part ni d'autre on commette aucunes Sortes d'Hostilités par Mer ou par Terre, pour quelque Cause ou sous quelque Pretexte que ce puisse être; Et on evitera soigneusement tout ce qui pourroit alterer à l'avenir l'Union heureusement retablie, s'attachant au contaire à se procurer reciproquement en toute Occasion tout ce qui pourroit contribuer à leur Gloire, Interêts, & Avantages mutuels, sans donner aucun Secours ou Protection directement ou indirectement à ceux, qui voudroient porter quelque Prejudice à l'une ou à l'autre des dites hautes Parties contractantes. Il y aura un Oubli general de tout ce qui a pû être fait ou commis avant ou depuis le Commencement de la Guerre, qui vient de finir.

ARTICLE 2

Les Traités de Westphalie de mil six cent quarante huit, ceux de Madrid entre les Couronnes de la Grande Bretagne & d'Espagne de mil six cent soixante sept, & de mil six cent soixante dix, les Traités de Paix de Nimegue, de mil six cent soixante dix huit, & de mil six cent soixante dix neuf, de Ryswick de mil six cent quatre vingt dix sept, ceux de Paix & de Commerce d'Utrecht de mil sept cent treize, celui de Bade de mil sept cent quatorze, le Traité de la triple Alliance de La Haye de mil sept cent dix sept, celui de la quadruple Alliance de Londres de mil sept cent dix huit, le Traité de Paix de Vienne de mil sept cent trente huit, le Traité Definitif d'Aix la Chapelle de mil sept cent quarante huit, & celui de Madrid entre les Couronnes de la Grande Bretagne, & d'Espagne de mil sept cent cinquante, aussi bien que les Traités entre les Couronnes d'Espagne & de Portugal du 13. Fevrier mil six cent soixante huit, du 6. Fevrier mil sept cent quinze, & du 12. Fevrier mil sept cent soixante un, & celui du 11. Avril mil sept cent treize entre la France & le Portugal, avec les Guaranties de la Grande Bretagne; servent de Base & de Fondement à la Paix, & au present Traité; & pour cet Effet ils sont tous renouvellés & confirmés dans la meilleure Forme, ainsi que tous les Traités en general, qui subsistoient entre les hautes Parties contractantes avant la Guerre, & comme s'ils étoient inserés ici Môt à Môt, en sorte qu'ils devront être observés exactement à l'avenir dans toute leur Teneur, & religieusement executés de Part & d'autre dans tous leurs Points, auxquels il n'est pas derogé par le present Traité, nonobstant tout ce qui pourroit avoir été stipulé au contraire par aucune des Hautes Parties contractantcs; Et toutes les dites Parties declarent, qu'Elles ne permettront pas qu'il subsiste aucun Privilege, Grace, ou Indulgence contraires aux Traités cidessus confirmés, à l'Exception de ce qui aura été accordé et stipulé par le present Traité.

ARTICLE 3

Tous les Prisonniers faits de Part & d'autre tant par Terre que par Mer, et les Otages enlêvés ou donnés, pendant la Guerre, et jusqu'à ce Jour, seront restitués sans Rançon dans six Semaines au plus tard, à compter du Jour de l'Echange de la Ratification du present Traité, chaque Couronne soldant respectivement les Avances, qui auront été faites pour la Subsistance & l'Entretien de ces Prisonniers par le Souverain du Pays, où Ils auront été detenûs, conformément aux Reçûs & Etats constatés & autres Titres autentiques, qui seront fournis de Part & d'autre. Et il sera donné reciproquement des Suretés pour le Payement des Dettes, que les Prisonniers auroient pû contracter dans les Etats, où Ils auroient été detenûs, jusqu'à leur entiere Liberté.--Et tous les Vaisseaux, tant de Guerre que marchands, qui auroient été pris depuis l'Expiration des Termes convenûs pour la Cessation des Hostilités par Mer, seront pareillement rendûs de bonne Foy, avec tous leurs Equipages, & Cargaisons; Et on procedera à l'Execution de cet Article immediatement après l'Echange des Ratifications de ce Traité.

ARTICLE 4

Sa Majesté Très Chretienne renonce à toutes les Pretensions, qu'Elle a formées autrefois, ou pû former, à la Nouvelle Ecosse, ou l'Acadie, en toutes ses Parties, & la garantit toute entiere, & avec toutes ses Dependances, au Roy de la Grande Bretagne. De plus, Sa Majesté Trés Chretienne cede & garantit à Sa dite Majesté Britannique, en toute Proprieté, le Canada avec toutes ses Dependances, ainsi que l'Isle du Cap Breton, & toutes les autres Isles, & Côtes, dans le Golphe & Fleuve S' Laurent, & generalement tout ce qui depend des dits Pays, Terres, Isles, & Côtes, avec la Souveraineté, Proprieté, Possession, & tous Droits acquis par Traité, ou autrement, que le Roy Très Chretien et la Couronne de France ont eus jusqu'à present sur les dits Pays, Isles, Terres, Lieux, Côtes, & leurs Habitans, ainsi que le Roy Très Chretien cede & transporte le tout au dit Roy & à la Couronne de la Grande Bretagne, & cela de la Maniere & de la Forme la plus ample, sans Restriction, & sans qu'il soit libre de revenir sous aucun Pretexte contre cette Cession & Garantie, ni de troubler la Grande Bretagne dans les Possessions sus-mentionnées. De son Coté Sa Majesté Britannique convient d'accorder aux Habitans du Canada la Liberté de la Religion Catholique; En Consequence Elle donnera les Ordres les plus precis & les plus effectifs, pour que ses nouveaux Sujets Catholiques Romains puissent professer le Culte de leur Religion selon le Rit de l'Eglise Romaine, en tant que le permettent les Loix de la Grande Bretagne.-Sa Majesté Britannique convient en outre, que les Habitans François ou autres, qui auroient eté Sujets du Roy Très Chretien en Canada, pourront se retirer en toute Sûreté & Liberté, où bon leur semblera, et pourront vendre leurs Biens, pourvû que ce soit à des Sujets de Sa Majesté Britannique, & transporter leurs Effets, ainsi que leurs Personnes, sans être genés dans leur Emigration, sous quelque Pretexte que ce puisse être, hors celui de Dettes ou de Procés criminels; Le Terme limité pour cette Emigration sera fixé à l'Espace de dix huit Mois, à compter du Jour de l'Echange des Ratifications du present Traité.

ARTICLE 5

Les Sujets de la France auront la Liberté de la Pêche, & de la Secherie, sur une Partie des Côtes de l'Isle de Terre-Neuve, telle qu'elle est specifiée par l'Article 13. du Traité d'Utrecht, lequel Article est renouvellé & confirmé par le present Traité, (à l'Exception de ce qui regarde l'Isle du Cap Breton, ainsi que les autres Isles & Côtes dans L'Embouchure et dans le Golphe st Laurent;) Et Sa Majesté Britannique consent de laisser aux Sujets du Roy Très Chretien la Liberté de pêcher dans le Golphe St Laurent, à Condition que les Sujets de la France n'exercent la dite Pêche, qu'à la Distance de trois Lieues de toutes les Côtes appartenantes à la Grande Bretagne, soit celles du Continent, soit celles des Isles situées dans le dit Golphe St Laurent. Et pour ce qui concerne la Pêche sur les Côtes de l'Isle du Cap Breton hors du dit Golphe, il ne sera paspermisauxSujetsdu Roy Très Chretien d'exercer la dite Pêche, qu'à la Distance de quinze Lieues des Côtes de l'Isle du Cap Breton; Et la Pêche sur les Côtes de la Nouvelle Ecosse, ou Acadie, et par tout ailleurs, hors du dit Golphe, restera sur le Pied des Traités anterieurs.

ARTICLE 6

Le Roy de la Grande Bretagne cede les Isles de St Pierre & de Miquelon, en toute Proprieté, à Sa Majesté Très Chretienne, pour servir d'Abri aux Pêcheurs François; Et Sa dite Majesté Très Chretienne s'oblige à ne point fortifier les dites Isles, à n'y établir que des Batimens civils pour la Commodité de la Pêche, & à n'y entretenir qu'une Garde de cinquante Hommes pour la Police.

ARTICLE 7

Afin de retablir la Paix sur des Fondcmens solides & durables, & écarter pour jamais tout Sujet de Dispute par Rapport aux Limites des Territoires Britanniques et François sur le Continent de l'Amerique, il est convenû, qu'a l'avenir les Confins entre les Etats de Sa Majesté Britannique & ceux de Sa Majesté Très Chretienne en cette Partie du Monde, seront irrevocablement fixés par une Ligne tirée au milieu du Fleuve Mississippi depuis sa Naissance jusqu'à la riviere d'Iberville, & de là par une Ligne tirée au milieu de cette Riviere & des Lacs Maurepas & Pontchartrain jusqu'à la Mer; Et à cette Fin le Roy Très Chretien cede, en toute Proprieté, & garantit à Sa Majesté Britannique la Riviere & le Port de la Mobile, & tout de qu'Il possede, ou a dû posseder, du Coté gallchc du flcuve Mississipi, à l'exception de la Ville de la Nouvelle Orleans, & de l'Isle dans laquelle Elle est située, qui demeureront à la France; Bien entendû, que la Navigation du Fleuve Mississippi sera également libre tant aux Sujets de la Grande Bretagne comme à ceux de la France, dans toute sa Largeur, & toute son Etendue, depuis sa Source jusqu'à la Mer, et nommement cette Partie, qui est entre la susdite Isle de la Nouvelle Orleans & la Rive droite de ce Fleuve, aussi bien que l'Entrée & la Sortie par son Embouchure. Il est de plus stipulé, que les Batimens appartenants aux Sujets de l'une ou de l'autre Nation ne pourront être arrêtés, visités, ni assujettis au Payement d'aucun Droit quelconque.--Les Stipulations inserées dans l'Article 4. en Faveur des Habitans du Canada auront Lieu de même pour les Habitans des Pays cedés par cet Article.

ARTICLE 8

Le Roy de la Grande Bretagne restituera à la France les Isles de la Guadeloupe, de Mariegalante, de la Desirade, de la Martinique, & de Belle-Isle; Et les Places de ces Isles seront rendaes dans le même Etat, où Elles étoient, quand la Conquête en a été faite par les Armes Britanniques; Bien entendû, que les Sujets de Sa Majesté Britannique, qui se seroient établis, ou ceux qui auroient quelques Affaires de Commerce à regler dans les dites Isles & autres Endroits restitués à la France par le present Traité, auront la Liberté de vendre leurs Terres, & leurs Biens, de regler leurs Affaires, de recouvrer leurs Dettes, & de transporter leurs Effets, ainsi que leurs Personnes, à bord des Vaisseaux qu'il leur sera permis de faire venir aux dites Isles, & autres Endroits, restitués comme dessus, & qui ne serviront qu'à cet Usage seulement, sans être genés à Cause de leur Religion, ou sous quelqu'autre Pretexte que ce puisse être hors celui de Dettes ou de Procés criminels.--Et pour cet Effet le Terme de dix-huit Mois est accordé aux Sujets de Sa Majesté Britannique à compter du Jour de l'Echange des Ratifications du present Traité.--Mais comme la Liberté, accordée aux Sujets de Sa Majesté Britannique, de transporter leurs Personnes & leurs Effets sur des Vaisseaux de leur Nation pourroit être sujette à des Abus, si l'on ne prenoit la Precaution de les prevenir, il a été convenû expressement, entre Sa Majesté Britannique & Sa Majesté Très Chretienne, que le Nombre des Vaisseaux Anglois, qui auront la Liberté d'aller aux dites Isles & Lieux restitués à la France sera limité, ainsi que le Nombre de Tonneaux de chacun, qu'ils iront en lest, partiront dans un Terme fixé, & ne feront qu'un seul Voyage; Tous les Effets, appartenants aux Anglois, devant être embarqués en même Tems. Il a ete convenû en outre, que Sa Majesté Très Chretienne fera donner les Passeports necessaires pour les dits Vaisseaux; que, pour--plus grande Sureté, il sera libre de mettre deux Commis ou Gardes François sur chacun des dits Vaisseaux, qui seront visités dans les Atterages & Ports des dites Isles, & Lieux, restitués à la France; Et que les Marchandises, qui s'y pourront trouver, seront confisquées.

ARTICLE 9

Le Roy Très Chretien cede & garantit à Sa Majesté Britannique, en toute Proprieté, les Isles de la Grenade & des Grenadines, avec les mêmes Stipulations en Faveur des Habitans de cette Colonie, inserées dans l'Article 4. pour ceux du Canada; Et le Partage des Isles, appellées neutres, est convenû et fixé de maniere que celles de St Vincent la Dominique, & Tabago, resteront, en toute Proprieté, à la Grande Bretagne, & que celle de St Lucie sera remise à la France pour en jouir, pareillement en toute Propriété. --Et les hautes Parties contractantes garantissent le Partage ainsi stipulé

ARTICLE 10

Sa Majesté Britannique restituera à la France l'Isle de Gorée, dans l'Etat, où Elle s'est trouvée, quand Elle a ete conquise; Et Sa Majeste Très Chretienne cede, en toute Proprieté, et garantit au Roy de la Grande Bretagne la Riviere de Senegal, avec les Forts & Comptoirs de St Louis, de Podor, & de Galam, & avec tous les Droits & Dependances de la dite Riviere de Senegal.

ARTICLE 11

Dans les Indes Orientales La Grande Bretagne restituera à la France, dans l'Etat où ils sont aujourd'hui, les differens Comptoirs, que cette Couronne possedoit tant sur la Côte de Choromandel & d'Orixa, que sur celle de Malabar, ainsi que dans le Bengale, au Commencement de l'Année mil sept cent quarante neuf; Et Sa Majesté Très Chretienne renonce à toute Pretension aux Acquisitions, qu'Elle avoit faites sur la Côte de Choromandel, & d'Orixa, depuis le dit Commencement de l'Année mil sept centquarante neuf.--Sa Majte Très Chretienne restituera, de son Coté, tout ce qu'Elle pourroit avoir conquis sur la Grande Bretagne dans les Indes Orientales pendant la presente Guerre, & fera restituer nommement Natal & Tapanouly dans l'Isle de Sumatra. Elle s'engage de plus à ne point eriger de Fortifications, & à ne point entretenir de Troupes dans aucune Partie des Etats du Subah de Bengale.--Et afin de conserver la Paix future sur la Côte de Choromandel & d'Orixa, les Anglois & les François reconnoitront Mahomet Ali Khan pour legitime Nabob du Carnate, & Salabat Jing pour legitime Subah de Decan; Et les deux Parties renonceront à toute Demande ou Pretension de Satisfaction qu'Elles pourroient former à la Charge, l'une de l'autre, ou à celle de leurs Alliés Indiens pour les Depredations ou Degats commis soit d'un Coté, soit de l'autre pendant la Guerre.

ARTICLE 12

L'Isle de Minorque sera restituée à Sa Majesté Britannique, ainsi que le Fort st Philippe, dans le même Etat où ils se sont trouvés, lorsque la Conquête en a eté faite par les Armes du Roy Très Chretien, & avec l'Artillerie, qui y etoit lors de la Prise de la dite Isle & du dit Fort.

ARTICLE 13

La Ville & le Mort de Dunkerque seront mis dans l'Etat fixé par le dernier Traité d'Aix la Chapelle, & par les Traités anterieurs;--La Cunette sera détruite immediatement après l'Echange des Ratifications du present Traité, ainsi que les Forts & Batteries, qui defendent l'Entrée du Coté de la Mer; Et il sera pourvû en même Tems à la Salubrité de l'Air & à la Santé des Habitans par quelqu'autre Moyen à la Satisfaction du Roy de la Grande Bretagne.

ARTICLE 14

La France restituera tous les Pays, appartenants à l'Electorat d'Hanovre, au Landgrave de Hesse, au Duc de Brunswick, & au Comte de la Lippe Buckebourg, qui se trouvent, ou se trouveront, occupés par les Armes de Sa Majesté Très Chretienne; Les Places de ces differens Pays seront renduës dans le même Etat où Elles étoient, quand la Conquête en a eté faite par les Armes Françoises; Et les Pieces d'Artillerie, qui auront eté transportées ailleurs, seront remplacées par le même Nombre de même Calibre, Poids, & Metal.

ARTICLE 15

En Cas que les Stipulations, contenues dans l'Article 13, des Preliminaires ne fussent pas accomplies lors de la Signature du present Traité, tant par Rapport aux Evacuations à faire par les Armées de la France des Places de Cleves, de Wesel, de Gueldres, & de tous les Pays, appartenants au Roy de Prusse, que par Rapport aux Evacuations à faire par les Armées Britannique & Françoise des Pays, qu'Elles occupent en Westphalie, Basse-Saxe, sur le Bas-Rhin, le Haut Rhin, & dans tout l'Empire, & à la Retraite des Troupes dans les Etats de Leurs Souverains respectifs, Leurs Majestés Britannique & Très Chretienne promettent de proceder de bonne Foy, avec toute la Promptitude que le Cas pourra permettre, aux dites Evacuations, dont Ils stipulent l'Accomplissement parfait avant le quinze de Mars prochain, ou plutôt, si faire se peut.--Et Leurs Majestés Britannique & Très Chretienne s'engagent de plus, & se promettent, de ne fournir aucun Secours, dans aucun Genre, à Leurs Alliés respectifs, qui resteront engagés dans la Guerre d'Allemagne.

ARTI CLE 16

La Décision des Prises, faites en Tems de Paix par les Sujets de la Grande Bretagne sur les Espagnols, sera remise aux Cours de Justice de l'Amirauté de la Grande Bretagne, conformement aux Regles établies parmi toutes les Nations, de sorte que la Validité des dites Prises entre les Nations Britannique & Espagnole sera decidée & jugée, selon le Droit des Gens, & selon les Traités, dans les Cours de Justice de la Nation, qui aura fait la Capture.

ARTICLE 17

Sa Majesté Britannique fera demolir toutes les Fortifications, que ses Sujets pourront avoir erigées dans la Baye de Honduras, & autres Lieux du Territoire de l'Espagne dans cette Partie du Monde, quatre Mois après la Ratification du present Traité; Et Sa Majesté Catholique ne permettra point, que les Sujets de Sa Majesté Britannique, ou leurs Ouvriers, soient inquietés ou molestés sous aucun Pretexte que ce soit, dans les dits Lieux, dans leur Occupation de couper, charger, & transporter, le Bois de Teinture ou de Campêche; Et pour cet Effet Ils pourront bâtir, sans Empêchement, & occuper sans Interruption, les Maisons & les Magazins, qui sont necessaires pour Eux, pour leurs Familles, & pour leurs Effets; Et Sa Majesté Catholique leur assure par cet Article l'entiere Jouïssance de ces Avantages, & Facultés sur les Côtes & Territoires Espagnols, comme il est stipulé ci-dessus, immediatement après la Ratification du present Traité.

ARTICLE 18

Sa Majesté Catholique se desiste, tant pour Elle que pour ses Successeurs, de toute Pretension, qu'Elle peut avoir formée en Faveur des Guipuscoans & autres de ses Sujets au Droit de pêcher aux Environs de l'Isle de Terre-Neuve.

ARTICLE 19

Le Roy de la Grande Bretagne restituera à l'Espagne tout le Territoire qu'II a conquis dans l'Isle de Cuba, avec la Place de la Havane; Et cette Place, aussi bien que toutes les autres Places de la dite Isle, seront rendues dans le même Etat, où Elles etoient, quand Elles ont été conquises par les Armes de Sa Majesté Britannique: Bien entendû, que les Sujets de Sa Majesté Britannique, qui se seroient établis, ou ceux qui auroient quelques Affaires de Commerce à regler, dans la dite Isle, restituée à l'Espagne par le present Traité, auront la Liberté de vendre leurs Terres, & leurs Biens, de regler leurs Affaires, de recouvrer leurs Dettes, et de transporter leurs Effets ainsi que leurs Personnes à bord des Vaisseaux, qu'il leur sera permis de faire venir à la dite Isle, restituée comme dessus, & qui ne serviront qu'à cet Usage seulement, sans être genés à Cause de Icur Religion, ou sous quelqu'autre Pretexte que ce puisse être, hors celui de Dettes ou de Procès criminels; Et pour cet Effet le Terme de dix huit Mois est accordé aux Sujets de Sa Majesté Britannique, à compter du Jour de l'Echange des Ratifications du present Traité.--Mais comme la Liberté, accordée aux Sujets de Sa Majesté Britannique de transporter leurs Personnes & leurs Effets sur des Vaisseaux de leur Nation, pourroit être sujcttc à dcs Abus, si l'on ne prenoit la Precaution de les prevenir, il a été convenû expressement entre Sa Majesté Britannique & Sa Majesté Catholique, que le Nombre des Vaisseaux Anglois, qui auront la Liberté d'aller à la dite Isle restituée à l'Espagne, sera limité, ainsi que le Nombre de Tonneaux de chacun, qu'ils iront en lest, partiront dans un Terme fixé, & ne feront qu'un seul Voyage; Tous les Effets, appartenants aux Anglois, devant être embarqués en même Tems.--Il a été convenû en outre, que Sa Majesté Catholique fera donner les Passeports necessaires pour les dits Vaisseaux; que, pour plus grande Sureté, il sera libre de mettre deux Commis ou Gardes Espagnols sur chacun des dits Vaisseaux, qui seront visités dans les Atterages et Ports de la dite Isle restituée à l'Espagne et que les Marchandises, qui s'y pourront trouver, seront confisquées.

ARTICLE 20

En Consequence de la Restitution stipulée dans l'article precedent, Sa Majesté Catholique cede et garantit, en tout Proprieté, à Sa Majesté Britannique, la Floride, avec le Fort de S' Augustin, & la Baye de Pensacola, ainsi que tout ce que l'Espagne possede sur le Continent de l'Amerique septentrionale, à l'Est, ou au Sud Est, du fleuve Mississippi, & generalement tout ce qui depend des dits Pays & Terres, avec la Souveraineté, Proprieté, Possession, & tous Droits acquis par Traité ou autrement, que Le Roy Catholique & la Couronne d'Espagne, ont eus jusqu'à present sur les dits Pays, Terres, Lieux, & leurs Habitans; Ainsi que Le Roy Catholique cede & transporte le tout au dit Roy & à la Couronne de la Grande Bretagne, & cela de la Maniere & de la Forme la plus ample; Sa Majesté Britannique convient de son Coté d'acccorder aux Habitans des Pays ci-dessus cedés la Liberté de la Religion Catholique; En Consequence Elle donnera les Ordres les plus exprès & les plus effectifs, pour que ses nouveaux Sujets Catholiques Romains puissent professer le Culte de leur Religion selon le Rit de l'Eglise Romaine, en tant que le permettent les Loix de la Grande Bretagne: Sa Majesté Britannique convient en outse, que les Habitans Espagnols, ou autres qui auroient eté Sujets du Roy Catholique, dans les dits Pays, pourront se retirer en toute Sureté et Liberté, où bon leur semblera et pourront vendre leurs Biens, pourvû que ce soit à des Sujets de Sa Majesté Britannique, & transporter leurs Effets, ainsi que leurs Personnes, sans être genés dans leur Emigration, sous quelque Pretexte que ce puisse être, hors celui de Dettes ou de Procès criminels; Le Terme, limité pour cette Emigration, étant fixé à l'Espace de dix-huit Mois, à compter du Jour de l'Echange des Ratifications du present Traité.--Il est de plus stipulé, que Sa Majesté Catholique aura la Faculté de faire transporter tous les Effets, qui peuvent Lui appartenir, soit Artillerie, ou autres.

ARTICLE 21

Les Troupes Francoises & Espagnoles evacueront tous les Territoires, Campagnes, Villes, Places, & Chateaux, de Sa Majesté Très Fidele, en Europe, sans Reserve aucune, qui pourront avoir eté conquis par les Armées de France & d'Espagne, & les rendront dans le même Etat où Ils étoient, quand la Conquête en a eté faite, avec la même Astillerie, & les Munitions de Guerre, qu'on y a trouvées; Et à l'Egard des Colonies Portugaises, en Amerique, Afrique, ou dans les Indes Orientales, s'il y étoit arrivé quelque Changement, toutes Choses seront remises sur le même Pied, où Elles étoient, et en Conformité des Traités precedens, qui subsistoient entse les Cours de France, d'Espagne, & de Portugal, avant la presente Guerre.

ARTICLE 22

Tous les Papiers, Lettres, Documens & Archives, qui se sont trouvés dans les Pays, Terres, Villes, & Places, qui sont restitués, & ceux appartenants aux Pays cedés, seront deliverés, ou fournis, respectivement, & de bonne Foi, dans le même Tems, s'il est possible, de la Prise de Possession, ou au plus tard, quatre Mois après l'Echange des Ratifications du present Traité, en quelque Lieu que les dits Papiers ou Documens puissent se trouver.

ARTICLE 23

Tous les Pays, & Territoires, qui pourroient avoir eté conquis, dans quelque Partie du Monde que ce soit, par les Armes de Leurs Majestés Britannique & Tsès Fidele, ainsi que par celles de Leurs Majestés Très Chretienne & Catholique, qui ne sont pas compris dans le present Traité, ni à Titre de Cessions, ni a Titre de Restitutions, seront rendûs sans Diinculté, & sans exiger de Compensation.

ARTICLE 24

Comme il est necessaire de designer une Epôque fixe pour les Restitutions & les Evacuations à faire, par chacune des Hautes Parties Contractantes, il est convenû que les Troupes Britanniques & Françoises completteront, avant le quinze de Mars prochain, tout ce qui restera à executer des Articles 12 & 13 des Preliminaires, signés le 3 Jour de Novembre passé, par Rapport à l'Evacuation à faire dans l'Empire, ou ailleurs.--L'Isle de Belle-isle sera évacuée six semaines après l'Echange des Ratifications du present Traité, ou plutôt si faire se peut.--La Guadeloupe, la Desirade, Mariegalante, la Martinique, & St Lucie, trois Mois apr~s l'Echange des Ratifications du present Traité, ou plutôt, si faire se peut.--La Grande Bretagne entrera pareillement au Bout de trois Mois après l'Echange de Ratifications du present Traité, ou plutôt si faire se peut, en Possession de la Riviere & du Port de la Mobile, & de tout ce qui doit former les Limites du Territoire de La Grande Bretagne du Coté du Fleuve de Mississippi, telles qu'elles sont specifiées dans l'Article 7.--L'Isle de Gorée sera évacuée par La Grande Bretagne trois Mois après l'Echange des Ratifications du present Traité;--Et L'Isle de Minorque par La France à la même Epôque, ou plutôt si faire se peut;--Et, selon les Conditions de l'Article 6, La France entrera de même en Possession des Isles de St Pierre & de Miquelon, au Bout de trois Mois après l'Echange des Ratifications du present Traité.--Les Comptoirs aux Indes Orientales seront rendûs six Mois après l'Echange des Ratifications du present Traité, ou plutôt si faire se peut.--La Place de la Havane avec tout ce qui a eté conquis dans l'Isle de Cuba, sera restituée trois Mois après l'Echange des Ratifications du present Traité, ou plutôt si faire se peut; Et en même Tems La Grande Bretagne entrera en Possession du Pays cedé par l'Espagne selon l'Article 20.--Toutes les Places & Pays de Sa Majesté Très Fidèle en Europe seront restitués immediatement après l'Echange des Ratifications du present Traité; Et les Colonies, Portugaises, qui pourront avoir eté conquises, seront restituées dans l'Espace de trois Mois dans les Indes Occidentales, & de six Mois dans les Indes Orientales, après l'Echange des Ratifications du present Traité, ou plutôt si faire se peut.--Toutes les Places, dont la Restitution est stipulée ci-dessus, seront rendues avec l'Artillerie, & les Munitions, qui s'y sont trouvées lors de la Conquête.--En Consequence de quoi les Ordres necessaires seront envoyés par chacune des Hautes Parties Contractantes avec les Passeports reciproques pour les Vaisseaux, qui les porteront, immediatement après l'Echange des Ratifications du present Traité.

ARTICLE 25

Sa Majesté Britannique, en sa Qualité d'Electeur de Brunswick Lunebourg, tant pour Lui que pour ses Heritiers & Successeurs, & tous les Etats & Possessions de Sa de Majesté en Allemagne sont compris & garantis par le present Traité de Paix.

ARTICLE 26

Leurs Sacrées Majestés, Britannique, Très Chretienne, Catholique, & Très Fidele, promettent d'observer sincerement & de bonne Foy tous les Articles, contenûs & établis dans le present Traité; Et Elles ne souffriront pas, qu'il y soit fait de Contravention directe ou indirecte par leurs Sujets respectifs; Et les susdites Hautes Parties Contractantes se garantissent generalement & reciproquement toutes les Stipulations du present Traité.

ARTICLE 27

Les Ratifications solemnelles du present Traité, expediées en bonne & due Forme, seront échangées, en cette Ville de Paris, entre Les Hautes Parties Contractantes dans l'Espace d'un Mois, ou plutôt s'il est possible, à compter du Jour de la Signature du present Traité.

En Foy de quoi Nous soussignés, Leurs Ambassadeurs Extraordinaires & Ministres Plenipotentiaires avons signé de Notre Main, en leur Nom, & en Vertu de nos Plein pouvoirs, le present Traité Definitif, & y avons fait apposer le Cachet de Nos Armes.

Fait à Paris le dix de Fevrier mil sept cent soixante trois.

Bedford C.P.S.Choiseul duc de Praslin. el Marqs de Grimaldi.
{L.S.}{L.S.}{L.S.}

ARTICLES SEPARÉS

1

Quelques uns des Titres, employés par les Puissances Contractantes, soit dans les Pleinpouvoirs, et autres Actes, pendant le Cours de la Negotiation, soit dans le Preambule du present Traité, n'etant pas generalement reconnus, il a été convenu, qu'il ne pourroit jamais en resulter aucun prejudice pour aucune des dites Parties Contractantes, et que les Titres, pris ou omis, de part et d'autre, à l'Occasion de la dite Negociation, et du present Traité ne pourrent etre cités ni tirés à Consequence.

2

Il a été convenu et arreté que la Langue Françoise, employéc dans tous les Exemplaires du present Traité, ne formera point un Exemple, qui puisse etre allegué, ni tiré à consequence, ni porter prejudice, en aucune Maniere, à aucune des Puissances Contractantes; Et que l'on se conformera, a l'avenir, à ce qui a été observé, et doit etre observé, à l'egard, et de la Part, des Puissances, qui sont en usage, et en Possession, de donner, et de recevoir, des Exemplaires, de semblables Traités, en une autre Langue que la Françoise.--Le present Traité ne laissant pas d'avoir la même Force et Vertu, que si le susdit Usage y avoit été observé.

3

Quoique le Roy de Portugal n'ait pas signé le present Traité definitif, Leurs Majestés Britannique, Très Chretienne, et Catholique reconnoissent néanmoins, que Sa Majesté Très Fidele y est formellement comprise comme partie contractante, et comme si elle avoit expressement Signé le dit Traité; En Consequence, Leurs Majestés Britannique, Très Chretienne et Catholique, s'engagent respectivement et conjointement avec Sa Majesté Très Fidele, de la façon la plus expresse et la plus obligatoire, à l'Execution de toutes, et chacune des clauses, contenues dans le dit Traité, moyennant Son Acte d'Accession.

Les presens Articles separés auront la meme Force, que s'ils etoient inserés dans le Traité.

En Foy de quoi nous Soussignés Ambassadeurs Extraordinaires et Ministres Plenipotentiaires de Leurs Majestes Britannique, Tres Chretienne, et Catholique, avons Signé les presens Articles separés, et y avons fait apposer le Cachet de Nos Armes.

Fait à Paris le Dix de Fevrier Mil sept cent soixante et trois.

Bedford C.P.S.Choiseul duc de Praslin. el Marqs de Grimaldi.
{L.S.}{L.S.}{L.S.}

...

GEORGIS R.

Georgius Tertius, Dei Gratiâ, Magnæ Britanniæ Franciæ, et Hiberniæ Rex, Fidei Defensor, Dux Brunsvicensis et Luneburgensis, sacri Romani Imperii Archi-Thesaurarius, et Princeps Elector &ca : Omnibus et singulis ad quos præsentes hæ Literæ pervenerint, Salutem : Cum ad Pacem perficiendam inter Nos, et Bonum Fratrem Nostrem Regem Fidelissimum ex unâ Parte, et bonos Fratres Nostros Reges Christianissimum et Catholicum, ex alterâ, qæ jam, signatis apud Fontainebleau Die Mensis currentis Tertio Articulis Preliminariis, feliciter inchoata est, eamque ad Finem exoptatum perducendam, Virum aliquen idoneum ex Nostrâ Parte, plenâ Auctoritate munire Nobis è Re visum sit;­Sciatis quod Nos Fide, Judicio, atque in Rebus maximi Monmenti tractandis Usu ac Solertiâ, perdilecti et perquàm Fidelis, Consanguinei, et Consiliarii Nostri, Johannis Ducis et Comitis de Bedford, Marchionis de Tavistock, Baronis Russel de Cheneys, Baronis Russel de Thornhaugh; et Baronis Howland de Streatham. Exercituum Nostrorum Locum tenetis Generalis, Privati Nostri Siglii Custodis, Comitatuum Bedfordiæ et Devoniæ Locum tenetis, et Custodis Rotulorum, Nobilissimi Ordinis Nostri Periscelidis Equitis, et Legati Nostri Extraordinarii et Plenipotentiarii aud Bonum Fratrem Nostrum Regem Christinisimum Plurimum confisi, Eundem nominavimus, fecimus contituimus et ordinavimus, quemadmodum per præsentes, nominamus facimus constituimus et ordinamus, verum, certum, et indubitatum Ministrum, Commissarium, Deputatum, Procuratorem, et Plenipotentiarium Nostrum, dantes Eidem, omnem, et omnimodam Potestatem, Facultatem, Authoritatemque, necnon Mandatum generale, pariter ac speciale, (ita tamen ut generale speciali non deroget, nec è contrà) pro Nobis et Nostro Nomine, unà cum Legatis, Commissariis Deputatis, et Plenipotentiariis Principum quorum interesse poterit, sufficietni itidem Potestate atque Authoritate instructis, tam singulatim ac divisim, quam aggregatim ac conjunctim, congrediendi et colloquendi, atque cum Ipsis de Pace firmâ et stabili, sincerâque Amicitiâ et Concordiâ, quantocius restituendis, conveniendi, tractandi, consulendi, et concludendi, idque omne quod ita conventum et conclusum fuerit, pro Nobis, et Nostro Nomine, subsignandi, atque Tractatum, Tractatusve, super ita conventis et conclusis, conficiendi, omniaque alia quæ ad Opus supra dictum feliciter exequendum pertinent,, transigendi, tam amplis Modo et Formâ, ac Vi, Effectuque pari, ac Nos, si interessemus, facere, et præstare possemus; Spondentes, et in Verbo Regio promittentes, Nos omnia et singula quæunque à dicto Nostro Plenipotentiario transigi et concludi contigerit, gratum, ratum, et acceptum, omni meliori Modo, habituros, neque passuros unqam, ut in toto, vel in Parte, à qoupiam violentur, aut ut eiuml; in contrarium eatur. In quorum omnium majorem Fidem et Robur Præsentibus, Manu Nostrâ Regiâ signatis, Magnum Nostrum Magnæ Britanniæ Sigillum appendi fecimus, Quæ dabantur in Palatio Nostro Divi Jacobi Die Duodecimo Mensis Novembris Anno Domini Millesimo Septengentesimo Sexagesimo Decundo, Regnique Nostri Tertio.


Louis, par la Grace de Dieu, Roi de France et de Navarre, à tous ceux qui ces presentes Lettres verront, Salut. comme les Preliminaires signés à fontainebleau le troisieme novembre de l'année derniere, ont posé les fondemens de la Paix retablie entre nous et notre Très cher et très amè bon frere et ~'ousin le Roi d'Espagne d'une part, et notre Très cher et très amè bon frere le Roy de la Grande Bretagne, et notre Très cher et très amè bon frere et Cousin le Roi de Portugal de l'autre, nous n'avons eû rien plus à coeur depuis cette heureuse époque, que de consolider et affermir de la façon la plus durable un si salutaire et si important ouvrage par un Traité solemnel et definitif entre nous et les dittes Puissances. Pour ces causes et autres bonnes considerations à ce nous mouvans, nous confiant entierement en la capacité et experience, zêle et fidelité pour notre service d e notre Très cher et bien amè Cousin Cesar Gabriel de Choiseul, Duc de Praslin, Pair de france, Chevalier de nos Ordres, Lieutenant General de nos Armées et de la Province de Bretagne, Conseiller en tous nos Conseils, Ministre et Secretaire d'Etat et de nos Commandemens et finances, nous l'avons nommé Commis et deputé et par ces presentes signées de notre main, le nommons, commettons et députons notre Ministre Plenipotentiaire, lui donnant plein et absolu pouvoir d'agir en cette qualité et de conferer, negotier, Traiter et convenir conjointement, avec le Ministre Plenipotentiaire de notre Très cher et Très Amè bon frere le Roi de la Grande Bretagne, le Ministre Plenipotentiaire d e notre Très cher et très Amè bon frere et cousin le Roi d'Espagne et le Ministre Plenipotentiaire de notre Très cher et très Amè bon frere et Cousin le Roi de Portugal, revêtus de Plcinpouvoirs en bonne forme, arrêter conclure et signer tels articles, conditions, conventions, declarations, Traité définitif, accessions et autres actes quelconques qu'Il Jugera convenables pour assûrer et affermir le grand ouvrage de la Paix; le tout avec la même liberté et autorité que nous pourrions faire nous-mêmes, si nous y étions presens en personne, encore qu'il y eût quelque chose qui requit un mandement plus special qu'il n'est contenu dans ces presentes; Promettant en foi et parole de Roy, d'avoir agréable, tenir ferme et stable à Toujours, accomplir et executer ponctuellement tout de que notre dit Cousin le Duc de Praslin aura stipulé, promis et signé en vertu du present pleinpouvoir sans jamais y contrevenir, ni permettre qu'il y Soit contrevenu pour quelque cause et sous quelque pretexte que ce puisse être, comme aussi d'en faire expedier nos Lettres de ratifications en bonne forme et de les faire delivrer pour &ecir c;tre echangées dans le têms dont il Sera convenu. Car tel est notre Plaisir. En temoin de quoi nous avons fait mettre notre scel à ces presentes. Donné à Versailles le Septieme jour du mois de fevrier l'an de grace mille sept cent soixante trois et de notre Regne le quarante huitieme, signé Louis et sur le repli, Par le Roi, le Duc de Choiseul. Scellé du grand sceau de cire jaune.
Don Carlos, por la Gracia de Dios, Rey de Castilla, de Leon, de Aragon, de las dos Sicilias, de Jerusalem, de Navarra, de Granada, de Toledo, de Valencia, de Galicia, de Mallorca, de Sevilla, de Cerdêna, de Cordova, de Corcega, de Murcia, de Jaen, de los Algarbes, de Algecira, de Gibraltar, de las Islas de Canaria, de las Indias Orientales y Occidentales, Islas y Tierra firme del Mar Oceano; Archiduque de Austria; Duque de Borgôna, de Brabante, y Milan; Conde de Absburg, de Flandes, del Tirol y Barcelona; Senôr de Vizcaya, y de Molina &ca: Por quanto haviendose, concluido y firmado en el Real sitio de Fontainebleau el Dia tres de Noviembre del presente Anô, y cangeadose las respectivas Ratificaciones el veinte y dos del mismo mes por Ministros autorizados a este Fin, los Preliminares de una Paz solida y duradera entre esta Corona, y la de Francia de una Parte, la de Inglaterra y la de Portugal de Otra; en los quales se promete venir luego à un tratado Definitivo, estableciendo y arreglando los Puntos Capitales sobre que ha de girar; y respecto a que del mismo modo que concedi mi Plenopoder para tratar, ajustar, y firmar los mencionados Preliminares a vos Don Geronimo Grimaldi, Marques de Grimaldi, Caballero de la Orden de Santi Spiritus, mi Gentil-hombre de Camara con Ejercicio, y mi Embajador Extraordinario al Rey Christianissimo, Se necessita que a Vos, u a otro le conceda para tratar, ajsustar, y firmar el mencionado prometido tratado Definitivo de Paz: Por tanto estando vos el citado Don Geronimo Grimaldi, Marques de Grimaldi en el parage necessario y teniendo yo cada dia mas Motivos para fiaros esta, y otras tales Importancias de mi Corona, por vuestra acrisolada Fidelidad y zelo, Capacidad y Prudencia; he venido en constituiros mi Ministro Plenipotentiario y en concederos todo mi Plenopoder para que en mi Nombre y representando mi propria Persona, Trateis, Arregleis, convengais y firmeis dicho tratado Definitivo de Paz, entre mi Corona y la de Francia de una Parte, la de Inglaterra y la de Portugal de Otra, con los Ministros que estuvieren autorizados igual y especialmente por sus respectivos Soberanos ad mismo Fin:dando, como doi des de ahora por grato y rato todo lo que assi Trateis Concluyais y firmeis; y ofreciendo baso mi palabra Real que lo observaré y cumpliré, lo haré observar y cumplir como si por mi mis mo lo huviesse tratado, concludo, y firmado. En fe de lo qual hize expedir el presente firmado de mi Mano, sellado con mi Sello secreto, y refrendado de mi infrascrito Consejero de Estado, y mi Primer Secretario del Despacho de Estado y de la Guerra. En Buen Retiro a Diez de Deciembre de mil setecientos Sesenta y dos.

Firmado = YO EL REY.

Y mas abajo = RICARDO WALL.

endorsed: Definitive Treaty, and Three Separate Articles, between His Majesty, the Most Christian King, and the Catholick King. dated Paris February 10th 1763.


Treaty of Paris, 1763

(Translation.)

The definitive Treaty of Peace and Friendship between his Britannick Majesty, the Most Christian King, and the King of Spain. Concluded at Paris the 10th day of February, 1763. To which the King of Portugal acceded on the same day. (Printed from the Copy.)

In the Name of the Most Holy and Undivided Trinity, Father, Son, and Holy Ghost. So be it.

Be it known to all those whom it shall, or may, in any manner, belong,

It has pleased the Most High to diffuse the spirit of union and concord among the Princes, whose divisions had spread troubles in the four parts of the world, and to inspire them with the inclination to cause the comforts of peace to succeed to the misfortunes of a long and bloody war, which having arisen between England and France during the reign of the Most Serene and Most Potent Prince, George the Second, by the grace of God, King of Great Britain, of glorious memory, continued under the reign of the Most Serene and Most Potent Prince, George the Third, his successor, and, in its progress, communicated itself to Spain and Portugal: Consequently, the Most Serene and Most Potent Prince, George the Third, by the grace of God, King of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, Duke of Brunswick and Lunenbourg, Arch Treasurer and Elector of the Holy Roman Empire; the Most Serene and Most Potent Prince, Lewis the Fifteenth, by the grace of God, Most Christian King; and the Most Serene and Most Potent Prince, Charles the Third, by the grace of God, King of Spain and of the Indies, after having laid the foundations of peace in the preliminaries signed at Fontainebleau the third of November last; and the Most Serene and Most Potent Prince, Don Joseph the First, by the grace of God, King of Portugal and of the Algarves, after having acceded thereto, determined to compleat, without delay, this great and important work. For this purpose, the high contracting parties have named and appointed their respective Ambassadors Extraordinary and Ministers Plenipotentiary, viz. his Sacred Majesty the King of Great Britain, the Most Illustrious and Most Excellent Lord, John Duke and Earl of Bedford, Marquis of Tavistock, &c. his Minister of State, Lieutenant General of his Armies, Keeper of his Privy Seal, Knight of the Most Noble Order of the Garter, and his Ambassador Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to his Most Christian Majesty; his Sacred Majesty the Most Christian King, the Most Illustrious and Most Excellent Lord, Cæsar Gabriel de Choiseul, Duke of Praslin, Peer of France, Knight of his Orders, Lieutenant General of his Armies and of the province of Britanny, Counsellor of all his Counsils, and Minister and Secretary of State, and of his Commands and Finances: his Sacred Majesty the Catholick King, the

Most Illustrious and Most Excellent Lord, Don Jerome Grimaldi, Marquis de Grimaldi, Knight of the Most Christian King's Orders, Gentleman of his Catholick Majesty's Bedchamber in Employment, and his Ambassador Extraordinary to his Most Christian Majesty; his Sacred Majesty the Most Faithful King, the Most Illustrious and Most Excellent Lord, Martin de Mello and Castro, Knight professed of the Order of Christ, of his Most Faithful Majesty's Council, and his Ambassador and Minister Plenipotentiary to his Most Christian Majesty.

Who, after having duly communicated to each other their full powers, in good form, copies whereof are transcribed at the end of the present treaty of peace, have agreed upon the articles, the tenor of which is as follows:

Article I. There shall be a Christian, universal, and perpetual peace, as well by sea as by land, and a sincere and constant friendship shall be re established between their Britannick, Most Christian, Catholick, and Most Faithful Majesties, and between their heirs and successors, kingdoms, dominions, provinces, countries, subjects, and vassals, of what quality or condition soever they be, without exception of places or of persons: So that the high contracting parties shall give the greatest attention to maintain between themselves and their said dominions and subjects this reciprocal friendship and correspondence, without permitting, on either side, any kind of hostilities, by sea or by land, to be committed from henceforth, for any cause, or under any pretence whatsoever, and every thing shall be carefully avoided which might hereafter prejudice the union happily re­established, applying themselves, on the contrary, on every occasion, to procure for each other whatever may contribute to their mutual glory, interests, and advantages, without giving any assistance or protection, directly or indirectly, to those who would cause any prejudice to either of the high contracting parties: there shall be a general oblivion of every thing that may have been done or committed before or since the commencement of the war which is just ended.

II. The treaties of Westphalia of 1648; those of Madrid between the Crowns of Great Britain and Spain of 1661, and 1670; the treaties of peace of Nimeguen of 1678, and 1679; of Ryswick of 1697; those of peace and of commerce of Utrecht of 1713; that of Baden of 1714; the treaty of the triple alliance of the Hague of 1717; that of the quadruple alliance of London of 1118; the treaty of peace of Vienna of 1738; the definitive treaty of Aix la Chapelle of 1748; and that of Madrid, between the Crowns of Great Britain and Spain of 1750: as well as the treaties between the Crowns of Spain and Portugal of the 13th of February, 1668; of the 6th of February, 1715; and of the 12th of February, 1761; and that of the 11th of April, 1713, between France and Portugal with the guaranties of Great Britain, serve as a basis and foundation to the peace, and to the present treaty: and for this purpose they are all renewed and confirmed in the best form, as well as all the general, which subsisted between the high contracting parties before the war, as if they were inserted here word for word, so that they are to be exactly observed, for the future, in their whole tenor, and religiously executed on all sides, in all their points, which shall not be derogated from by the present treaty, notwithstanding all that may have been stipulated to the contrary by any of the high contracting parties: and all the said parties declare, that they will not suffer any privilege, favour, or indulgence to subsist, contrary to the treaties above confirmed, except what shall have been agreed and stipulated by the present treaty.

III. All the prisoners made, on all sides, as well by land as by sea, and the hostages carried away or given during the war, and to this day, shall be restored, without ransom, six weeks, at least, to be computed from the day of the exchange of the ratification of the present treaty, each crown respectively paying the advances which shall have been made for the subsistance and maintenance of their prisoners by the Sovereign of the country where they shall have been detained, according to the attested receipts and estimates and other authentic vouchers which shall be furnished on one side and the other. And securities shall be reciprocally given for the payment of the debts which the prisoners shall have contracted in the countries where they have been detained until their entire liberty. And all the ships of war and merchant vessels Which shall have been taken since the expiration of the terms agreed upon for the cessation of hostilities by sea shall likewise be restored, bonâ fide, with all their crews and cargoes: and the execution of this article shall be proceeded upon immediately after the exchange of the ratifications of this treaty.

IV. His Most Christian Majesty renounces all pretensions which he has heretofore formed or might have formed to Nova Scotia or Acadia in all its parts, and guaranties the whole of it, and with all its dependencies, to the King of Great Britain: Moreover, his Most Christian Majesty cedes and guaranties to his said Britannick Majesty, in full right, Canada, with all its dependencies, as well as the island of Cape Breton, and all the other islands and coasts in the gulph and river of St. Lawrence, and in general, every thing that depends on the said countries, lands, islands, and coasts, with the sovereignty, property, possession, and all rights acquired by treaty, or otherwise, which the Most Christian King and the Crown of France have had till now over the said countries, lands, islands, places, coasts, and their inhabitants, so that the Most Christian King cedes and makes over the whole to the said King, and to the Crown of Great Britain, and that in the most ample manner and form, without restriction, and without any liberty to depart from the said cession and guaranty under any pretence, or to disturb Great Britain in the possessions above mentioned. His Britannick Majesty, on his side, agrees to grant the liberty of the Catholick religion to the inhabitants of Canada: he will, in consequence, give the most precise and most effectual orders, that his new Roman Catholic subjects may profess the worship of their religion according to the rites of the Romish church, as far as the laws of Great Britain permit. His Britannick Majesty farther agrees, that the French inhabitants, or others who had been subjects of the Most Christian King in Canada, may retire with all safety and freedom wherever they shall think proper, and may sell their estates, provided it be to the subjects of his Britannick Majesty, and bring away their effects as well as their persons, without being restrained in their emigration, under any pretence whatsoever, except that of debts or of criminal prosecutions: The term limited for this emigration shall be fixed to the space of eighteen months, to be computed from the day of the exchange of the ratification of the present treaty.

V. The subjects of France shall have the liberty of fishing and drying on a part of the coasts of the island of Newfoundland, such as it is specified in the XIIIth article of the treaty of Utrecht; which article is renewed and confirmed by the present treaty, (except what relates to the island of Cape Breton, as well as to the other islands and coasts in the mouth and in the gulph of St. Lawrence:) And his Britannick Majesty consents to leave to the subjects of the Most Christian King the liberty of fishing in the gulph of St. Lawrence, on condition that the subjects of France do not exercise the said fishery but at the distance of three leagues from all the coasts belonging to Great Britain, as well those of the continent as those of the islands situated in the said gulph of St. Lawrence. And as to what relates to the fishery on the coasts of the island of Cape Breton, out of the said gulph, the subjects of the Most Christian King shall not be permitted to exercise the said fishery but at the distance of fifteen leagues from the coasts of the island of Cape Breton; and the fishery on the coasts of Nova Scotia or Acadia, and every where else out of the said gulph, shall remain on the foot of former treaties.

VI. The King of Great Britain cedes the islands of St. Pierre and Macquelon, in full right, to his Most Christian Majesty, to serve as a shelter to the French fishermen; and his said Most Christian Majesty engages not to fortify the said islands; to erect no buildings upon them but merely for the conveniency of the fishery; and to keep upon them a guard of fifty men only for the police.

VII. In order to re­establish peace on solid and durable foundations, and to remove for ever all subject of dispute with regard to the limits of the British and French territories on the continent of America; it is agreed, that, for the future, the confines between the dominions of his Britannick Majesty and those of his Most Christian Majesty, in that part of the world, shall be fixed irrevocably by a line drawn along the middle of the River Mississippi, from its source to the river Iberville, and from thence, by a line drawn along the middle of this river, and the lakes Maurepas and Pontchartrain to the sea; and for this purpose, the Most Christian King cedes in full right, and guaranties to his Britannick Majesty the river and port of the Mobile, and every thing which he possesses, or ought to possess, on the left side of the river Mississippi, except the town of New Orleans and the island in which it is situated, which shall remain to France, provided that the navigation of the river Mississippi shall be equally free, as well to the subjects of Great Britain as to those of France, in its whole breadth and length, from its source to the sea, and expressly that part which is between the said island of New Orleans and the right bank of that river, as well as the passage both in and out of its mouth: It is farther stipulated, that the vessels belonging to the subjects of either nation shall not be stopped, visited, or subjected to the payment of any duty whatsoever. The stipulations inserted in the IVth article, in favour of the inhabitants of Canada shall also take place with regard to the inhabitants of the countries ceded by this article.

VIII. The King of Great Britain shall restore to France the islands of Guadeloupe, of Mariegalante, of Desirade, of Martinico, and of Belleisle; and the fortresses of these islands shall be restored in the same condition they were in when they were conquered by the British arms, provided that his Britannick Majesty's subjects, who shall have settled in the said islands, or those who shall have any commercial affairs to settle there or in other places restored to France by the present treaty, shall have liberty to sell their lands and their estates, to settle their affairs, to recover their debts, and to bring away their effects as well as their persons, on board vessels, which they shall be permitted to send to the said islands and other places restored as above, and which shall serve for this use only, without being restrained on account of their religion, or under any other pretence whatsoever, except that of debts or of criminal prosecutions: and for this purpose, the term of eighteen months is allowed to his Britannick Majesty's subjects, to be computed from the day of the exchange of the ratifications of the present treaty; but, as the liberty granted to his Britannick Majesty's subjects, to bring away their persons and their effects, in vessels of their nation, may be liable to abuses if precautions were not taken to prevent them; it has been expressly agreed between his Britannick Majesty and his Most Christian Majesty, that the number of English vessels which have leave to go to the said islands and places restored to France, shall be limited, as well as the number of tons of each one; that they shall go in ballast; shall set sail at a fixed time; and shall make one voyage only; all the effects belonging to the English being to be embarked at the same time. It has been farther agreed, that his Most Christian Majesty shall cause the necessary passports to be given to the said vessels; that, for the greater security, it shall be allowed to place two French clerks or guards in each of the said vessels, which shall be visited in the landing places and ports of the said islands and places restored to France, and that the merchandize which shall be found therein shall be confiscated.

IX. The Most Christian King cedes and guaranties to his Britannick Majesty, in full right, the islands of Grenada, and the Grenadines, with the same stipulations in favour of the inhabitants of this colony, inserted in the IVth article for those of Canada: And the partition of the islands called neutral, is agreed and fixed, so that those of St. Vincent, Dominico, and Tobago, shall remain in full right to Great Britain, and that of St. Lucia shall be delivered to France, to enjoy the same likewise in full right, and the high contracting parties guaranty the partition so stipulated.

X. His Britannick Majesty shall restore to France the island of Goree in the condition it was in when conquered: and his Most Christian Majesty cedes, in full right, and guaranties to the King of Great Britain the river Senegal, with the forts and factories of St. Lewis, Podor, and Galam, and with all the rights and dependencies of the said river Senegal.

XI. In the East Indies Great Britain shall restore to France, in the condition they are now in, the different factories which that Crown possessed, as well as on the coast of Coromandel and Orixa as on that of Malabar, as also in Bengal, at the beginning of the year 1749. And his Most Christian Majesty renounces all pretension to the acquisitions which he has made on the coast of Coromandel and Orixa since the said beginning of the year 1749. His Most Christian Majesty shall restore, on his side, all that he may have conquered from Great Britain in the East Indies during the present war; and will expressly cause Nattal and Tapanoully, in the island of Sumatra, to be restored; he engages farther, not to erect fortifications, or to keep troops in any part of the dominions of the Subah of Bengal. And in order to preserve future peace on the coast of Coromandel and Orixa, the English and French shall acknowledge Mahomet Ally Khan for lawful Nabob of the Carnatick, and Salabat Jing for lawful Subah of the Decan; and both parties shall renounce all demands and pretensions of satisfaction with which they might charge each other, or their Indian allies, for the depredations or pillage committed on the one side or on the other during the war.

XII. The island of Minorca shall be restored to his Britannick Majesty, as well as Fort St. Philip, in the same condition they were in when conquered by the arms of the Most Christian King; and with the artillery which was there when the said island and the said fort were taken.

XIII. The town and port of Dunkirk shall be put into the state fixed by the last treaty of Aix la Chapelle, and by former treaties. The Cunette shall be destroyed immediately after the exchange of the ratifications of the present treaty, as well as the forts and batteries which defend the entrance on the side of the sea; and provision shall be made at the same time for the wholesomeness of the air, and for the health of the inhabitants, by some other means, to the satisfaction of the King of Great Britain.

XIV. France shall restore all the countries belonging to the Electorate of Hanover, to the Landgrave of Hesse, to the Duke of Brunswick, and to the Count of La Lippe Buckebourg, which are or shall be occupied by his Most Christian Majesty's arms: the fortresses of these different countries shall be restored in the same condition they were in when conquered by the French arms; and the pieces of artillery, which shall have been carried elsewhere, shall be replaced by the same number, of the same bore, weight and metal.

XV. In case the stipulations contained in the XIIIth article of the preliminaries should not be compleated at the time of the signature of the present treaty, as well with regard to the evacuations to be made by the armies of France of the fortresses of Cleves, Wezel, Guelders, and of all the countries belonging to the King of Prussia, as with regard to the evacuations to be made by the British and French armies of the countries which they occupy in Westphalia, Lower Saxony, on the Lower Rhine, the Upper Rhine, and in all the empire; and to the retreat of the troops into the dominions of their respective Sovereigns: their Britannick and Most Christian Majesties promise to proceed, bonâ fide, with all the dispatch the case will permit of to the said evacuations, the entire completion whereof they stipulate before the 15th of March next, or sooner if it can be done; and their Britannick and Most Christian Majesties farther engage and promise to each other, not to furnish any succours of any kind to their respective allies who shall continue engaged in the war in Germany.

XVI. The decision of the prizes made in time of peace by the subjects of Great Britain, on the Spaniards, shall be referred to the Courts of Justice of the Admiralty of Great Britain, conformably to the rules established among all nations, so that the validity of the said prizes, between the British and Spanish nations, shall be decided and judged, according to the law of nations, and according to treaties, in the Courts of Justice of the nation who shall have made the capture.

XVII. His Britannick Majesty shall cause to be demolished all the fortifications which his subjects shall have erected in the bay of Honduras, and other places of the territory of Spain in that part of the world, four months after the ratification of the present treaty; and his Catholick Majesty shall not permit his Britannick Majesty's subjects, or their workmen, to be disturbed or molested under any pretence whatsoever in the said places, in their occupation of cutting, loading, and carrying away log­wood; and for this purpose, they may build, without hindrance, and occupy, without interruption, the houses and magazines necessary for them, for their families, and for their effects; and his Catholick Majesty assures to them, by this article, the full enjoyment of those advantages and powers on the Spanish coasts and territories, as above stipulated, immediately after the ratification of the present treaty.

XVIII. His Catholick Majesty desists, as well for himself as for his successors, from all pretension which he may have formed in favour of the Guipuscoans, and other his subjects, to the right of fishing in the neighbourhood of the island of Newfoundland.

XIX. The King of Great Britain shall restore to Spain all the territory which he has conquered in the island of Cuba, with the fortress of the Havannah; and this fortress, as well as all the other fortresses of the said island, shall be restored in the same condition they were in when conquered by his Britannick Majesty's arms, provided that his Britannick Majesty's subjects who shall have settled in the said island, restored to Spain by the present treaty, or those who shall have any commercial affairs to settle there, shall have liberty to sell their lands and their estates, to settle their affairs, recover their debts, and to bring away their effects, as well as their persons, on board vessels which they shall be permitted to send to the said island restored as above, and which shall serve for that use only, without being restrained on account of their religion, or under any other pretence whatsoever, except that of debts or of criminal prosecutions: And for this purpose, the term of eighteen months is allowed to his Britannick Majesty's subjects, to be computed from the day of the exchange of the ratifications of the present treaty: but as the liberty granted to his Britannick Majesty's subjects, to bring away their persons and their effects, in vessels of their nation, may be liable to abuses if precautions were not taken to prevent them; it has been expressly agreed between his Britannick Majesty and his Catholick Majesty, that the number of English vessels which shall have leave to go to the said island restored to Spain shall be limited, as well as the number of tons of each one; that they shall go in ballast; shall set sail at a fixed time; and shall make one voyage only; all the effects belonging to the English being to be embarked at the same time: it has been farther agreed, that his Catholick Majesty shall cause the necessary passports to be given to the said vessels; that for the greater security, it shall be allowed to place two Spanish clerks or guards in each of the said vessels, which shall be visited in the landing places and ports of the said island restored to Spain, and that the merchandize which shall be found therein shall be confiscated.

XX. In consequence of the restitution stipulated in the preceding article, his Catholick Majesty cedes and guaranties, in full right, to his Britannick Majesty, Florida, with Fort St. Augustin, and the Bay of Pensacola, as well as all that Spain possesses on the continent of North America, to the East or to the South East of the river Mississippi. And, in general, every thing that depends on the said countries and lands, with the sovereignty, property, possession, and all rights, acquired by treaties or otherwise, which the Catholick King and the Crown of Spain have had till now over the said countries, lands, places, and their inhabitants; so that the Catholick King cedes and makes over the whole to the said King and to the Crown of Great Britain, and that in the most ample manner and form. His Britannick Majesty agrees, on his side, to grant to the inhabitants of the countries above ceded, the liberty of the Catholick religion; he will, consequently, give the most express and the most effectual orders that his new Roman Catholic subjects may profess the worship of their religion according to the rites of the Romish church, as far as the laws of Great Britain permit. His Britannick Majesty farther agrees, that the Spanish inhabitants, or others who had been subjects of the Catholick King in the said countries, may retire, with all safety and freedom, wherever they think proper; and may sell their estates, provided it be to his Britannick Majesty's subjects, and bring away their effects, as well as their persons.

without being restrained in their emigration, under any pretence whatsoever, except that of debts, or of criminal prosecutions: the term limited for this emigration being fixed to the space of eighteen months, to be computed from the day of the exchange of the ratifications of the present treaty. It is moreover stipulated, that his Catholick Majesty shall have power to cause all the effects that may belong to him, to be brought away, whether it be artillery or other things.

XXI. The French and Spanish troops shall evacuate all the territories, lands, towns, places, and castles, of his Most faithful Majesty in Europe, without any reserve, which shall have been conquered by the armies of France and Spain, and shall restore them in the same condition they were in when conquered, with the same artillery and ammunition, which were found there: And with regard to the Portuguese Colonies in America, Africa, or in the East Indies, if any change shall have happened there, all things shall be restored on the same footing they were in, and conformably to the preceding treaties which subsisted between the Courts of France, Spain, and Portugal, before the present war.

XXII. All the papers, letters, documents, and archives, which were found in the countries, territories, towns and places that are restored, and those belonging to the countries ceded, shall be, respectively and bonâ fide, delivered, or furnished at the same time, if possible, that possession is taken, or, at latest, four months after the exchange of the ratifications of the present treaty, in whatever places the said papers or documents may be found.

XXIII. All the countries and territories, which may have been conquered, in whatsoever part of the world, by the arms of their Britannick and Most Faithful Majesties, as well as by those of their Most Christian and Catholick Majesties, which are not included in the present treaty, either under the title of cessions, or under the title of restitutions, shall be restored without difficulty, and without requiring any compensations.

XXIV. As it is necessary to assign a fixed epoch for the restitutions and the evacuations, to be made by each of the high contracting parties, it is agreed, that the British and French troops shall compleat, before the 15th of March next, all that shall remain to be executed of the XIIth and XIIIth articles of the preliminaries, signed the 3d day of November last, with regard to the evacuation to be made in the Empire, or elsewhere. The island of Belleisle shall be evacuated six weeks after the exchange of the ratifications of the present treaty, or sooner if it can be done. Guadeloupe, Desirade, Mariegalante Martinico, and St. Lucia, three months after the exchange of the ratifications of the present treaty, or sooner if it can be done. Great Britain shall likewise, at the end of three months after the exchange of the ratifications of the present treaty, or sooner if it can be done, enter into possession of the river and port of the Mobile, and of all that is to form the limits of the territory of Great Britain, on the side of the river Mississippi, as they are specified in the VIIth article. The island of Goree shall be evacuated by Great Britain, three months after the exchange of the ratifications of the present treaty; and the island of Minorca by France, at the same epoch, or sooner if it can be done: And according to the conditions of the VIth article, France shall likewise enter into possession of the islands of St Peter, and of Miquelon, at the end of three months after the exchange of the ratifications of the present treaty. The Factories in the East Indies shall be restored six months after the exchange of the ratifications of the present treaty, or sooner if it can be done. The fortress of the Havannah, with all that has been conquered in the island of Cuba, shall be restored three months after the exchange of the ratifications of the present treaty, or sooner if it can be done: And, at the same time, Great Britain shall enter into possession of the country ceded by Spain according to the XXth article. All the places and countries of his most Faithful Majesty, in Europe, shall be restored immediately after the exchange of the ratification of the present treaty: And the Portuguese colonies, which may have been conquered, shall be restored in the space of three months in the West Indies, and of six months in the East Indies, after the exchange of the ratifications of the present treaty, or sooner if it can be done. All the fortresses, the restitution whereof is stipulated above, shall be restored with the artillery and ammunition, which were found there at the time of the conquest. In consequence whereof, the necessary orders shall be sent by each of the high contracting parties, with reciprocal passports for the ships that shall carry them, immediately after the exchange of the ratifications of the present treaty.

XXV. His Britannick Majesty, as Elector of Brunswick Lunenbourg, as well for himself as for his heirs and successors, and all the dominions and possessions of his said Majesty in Germany, are included and guarantied by the present treaty of peace.

XXVI. Their sacred Britannick, Most Christian, Catholick, and Most Faithful Majesties, promise to observe sincerely and bonâ fide, all the articles contained and settled in the present treaty; and they will not suffer the same to be infringed, directly or indirectly, by their respective subjects; and the said high contracting parties, generally and reciprocally, guaranty to each other all the stipulations of the present treaty.

XXVII. The solemn ratifications of the present treaty, expedited in good and due form, shall be exchanged in this city of Paris, between the high contracting parties, in the space of a month, or sooner if possible, to be computed from the day of the signature of the present treaty.

In witness whereof, we the underwritten their Ambassadors Extraordinary, and Ministers Plenipotentiary, have signed with our hand, in their name, and in virtue of our full powers, have signed the present definitive treaty, and have caused the seal of our arms to be put thereto. Done at Paris the tenth day of February, 1763.

Bedford, C.P.S. Choiseul, Duc de Praslin. El Marq. de Grimaldi.

(L.S.) (L.S.) (LS )

SEPARATE ARTICLES

I. Some of the titles made use of by the contracting powers, either in the full powers, and other acts, during the course of the negociation, or in the preamble of the present treaty, not being generally acknowledged; it has been agreed, that no prejudice shall ever result therefrom to any of the said contracting parties, and that the titles, taken or omitted on either side, on occasion of the said negociation, and of the present treaty, shall not be cited or quoted as a precedent.

II. It has been agreed and determined, that the French language made use of in all the copies of the present treaty, shall not become an example which may be alledged, or made a precedent of, or prejudice, in any manner, any of the contracting powers; and that they shall conform themselves, for the future, to what has been observed, and ought to be observed, with regard to, and on the part of powers, who are used, and have a right, to give and to receive copies of like treaties in another language than French; the present treaty having still the same force and effect, as if the aforesaid custom had been therein observed.

III. Though the King of Portugal has not signed the present definitive treaty, their Britannick, Most Christian, and Catholick Majesties, acknowledge, nevertheless, that his Most Faithful Majesty is formally included therein as a contracting party, and as if he had expressly signed the said treaty: Consequently, their Britannick, Most Christian, and Catholick Majesties, respectively and conjointly, promise to his Most Faithful Majesty, in the most express and most binding manner, the execution of all and every the clauses, contained in the said treaty, on his act of accession.

The present Separate Articles shall have the same force as if they were inserted in the treaty.

In witness whereof, We the under­written Ambassadors Extraordinary, and Ministers Plenipotentiary of their Britannick, Most Christian and Catholick Majesties, have signed the present separate Articles, and have caused the seal of our arms to be put thereto.

Done at Paris, the 10th of February, 1763.

Bedford, C.P.S. Choiseul, Duc El Marq. de

(L.S.) de Praslin. Grimaldi.

(L.S.) (L.S.)

His Britannick Majesty's full Power.

GEORGE R.

GEORGE the Third, by the grace of God, King of Great Britain, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, Duke of Brunswick and Lunenbourg, Arch­Treasurer, and Prince Elector of the Holy Roman Empire, &c. To all and singular to whom these presents shall come, greeting. Whereas, in order to perfect the peace between Us and our good Brother the Most Faithful King, on the one part, and our good Brothers the Most Christian and Catholick Kings, on the other, which has been happily begun by the Preliminary Articles already signed at Fontainebleau the third of this month; and to bring the same to the desired end, We have thought proper to invest some fit person with full authority, on our part; Know ye, that We, having most entire confidence in the fidelity, judgment, skill, and ability in managing affairs of the greatest consequence, of our right trusty, and right entirely beloved Cousin and Counsellor, John Duke and Earl of Bedford, Marquis of Tavistock, Baron Russel of Cheneys, Baron Russel of Thornhaugh, and Baron Howland of Streatham, Lieutenant­general of our forces, Keeper of our Privy Seal, Lieutenant and Custos Rotulorum of the counties of Bedford and Devon, Knight of our most noble order of the Garter, and our Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to our good Brother the Most Christian King, have nominated, made, constituted and appointed, as by these presents, we do nominate, make, constitute, and appoint him, our true, certain, and undoubted Minister, Commissary, Deputy, Procurator and Plenipotentiary, giving to him all and all manner of power, faculty and authority, as well as our general and special command (yet so as that the general do not derogate from the special, or on the contrary) for Us and in our name, to meet and confer, as well singly and separately, as jointly, and in a body, with the Ambassadors, Commissaries, Deputies, and Plenipotentiaries of the Princes, whom it may concern, vested with sufficient power and authority for that purpose, and with them to agree upon, treat, consult and conclude, concerning the re­establishing, as soon as may be, a firm and lasting peace, and sincere friendship and concord; and whatever shall be so agreed and concluded, for Us and in our name, to sign, and to make a treaty or treaties, on what shall have been so agreed and concluded, and to transact every thing else that may belong to the happy completion of the aforesaid work, in as ample a manner and form, and with the same force and effect, as We ourselves, if we were present, could do and perform; engaging and promising, on our royal word, that We will approve, ratify and accept, in the best manner, whatever shall happen to be transacted and concluded by our said Plenipotentiary, and that We will never suffer any person to infringe or act contrary to the same, either in the whole or in part. In witness and confirmation whereof We have caused our great Seal of Great Britain to be affixed to these presents, signed with our royal hand. Given at our Palace at St. James's, the 12th day of November, 1762, in the third year of our reign.

His Most Christian Majesty's Full Power.

LEWIS, by the grace of God, King of France and Navarre, To all who shall see these presents, Greeting. Whereas the Preliminaries, signed at Fontainebleau the third of November of the last year, laid the foundation of the peace re­established between us and our most dear and most beloved good Brother and Cousin the King of Spain, on the one part, and our most dear and most beloved good Brother the King of Great Britain, and our most dear and most beloved good Brother and Cousin the King of Portugal on the other, We have had nothing more at heart since that happy epoch, than to consolidate and strengthen in the most lasting manner, so salutary and so important a work, by a solemn and definitive treaty between Us and the said powers. For these causes, and other good considerations, Us thereunto moving, We, trusting entirely in the capacity and experience, zeal and fidelity for our service, of our most dear and well­beloved Cousin, Cæsar Gabriel de Choiseul, Duke of Praslin, Peer of France, Knight of our Orders, Lieutenant General of our Forces and of the province of Britany, Counsellor in all our Councils, Minister and Secretary of State, and of our Commands and Finances, We have named, appointed, and deputed him, and by these presents, signed with our hand, do name, appoint, and depute him our Minister Plenipotentiary, giving him full and absolute power to act in that quality, and to confer, negociate, treat and agree jointly with the Minister Plenipotentiary of our most dear and most beloved good Brother the King of Great Britain, the Minister Plenipotentiary of our most dear and most beloved good Brother and Cousin the King of Spain and the Minister Plenipotentiary of our most dear and most beloved good Brother and Cousin the King of Portugal, vested with full powers, in good form, to agree, conclude and sign such articles, conditions, conventions, declarations, definitive treaty, accessions, and other acts whatsoever, that he shall judge proper for securing and strengthening the great work of peace, the whole with the same latitude and authority that We ourselves might do, if We were there in person, even though there should be something which might require a more special order than what is contained in these presents, promising on the faith and word of a King, to approve, keep firm and stable for ever, to fulfil and execute punctually, all that our said Cousin, the Duke of Praslin, shall have stipulated, promised and signed, in virtue of the present full power, without ever acting contrary thereto, or permitting any thing contrary thereto, for any cause, or under any pretence whatsoever, as also to cause our letters of ratification to be expedited in good form, and to cause them to be delivered, in order to be exchanged within the time that shall be agreed upon. For such is our pleasure. In witness whereof, we have caused our Seal to be put to these presents. Given at Versailles the 7th day of the month of February, in the year of Grace 1763, and of our reign the forty­eighth. Signed Lewis, and on the fold, by the King, the Duke of Choiseul. Sealed with the great Seal of yellow Wax.

His Catholick Majesty's full Power.

DON CARLOS, by the grace of God, King of Castille, of Leon, of Arragon, of the two Sicilies, of Jerusalem, of Navarre, of Granada, of Toledo, of Valencia, of Galicia, of Majorca, of Seville, of Sardinia, of Cordova, of Corsica, of Murcia, of Jaen, of the Algarves. of Algecira. of Gibraltar. of the Canary Islands, of the East and West Indies, Islands and Continent, of the Ocean, Arch Duke of Austria, Duke of Burgundy, of Brabant and Milan, Count of Hapsburg, of Flanders, of Tirol and Barcelona, Lord of Biscay and of Molino, &c. Whereas preliminaries of a solid and lasting peace between this Crown, and that of France on the one part, and that of England and Portugal on the other, were concluded and signed in the Royal Residence of Fontainbleau, the 3rd of November of the present year, and the respective ratifications thereof exchanged on the 22d of the same month, by Ministers authorised for that purpose, wherein it is promised, that a definitive treaty should be forthwith entered upon, having established and regulated the chief points upon which it is to turn: and whereas in the same manner as I granted to you, Don Jerome Grimaldi, Marquis de Grimaldi, Knight of the Order of the Holy Ghost, Gentleman of my Bed­chamber with employment, and my Ambassador Extraordinary to the Most Christian King, my full power to treat, adjust, and sign the before­mentioned preliminaries, it is necessary to grant the same to you, or to some other, to treat, adjust, and sign the promised definitive treaty of peace as aforesaid: therefore, as you the said Don Jerome Grimaldi, Marquis de Grimaldi, are at the convenient place, and as I have every day fresh motives, from your approved fidelity and zeal, capacity and prudence, to entrust to you this, and other­like concerns of my Crown, I have appointed you my Minister Plenipotentiary, and granted to you my full power, to the end, that, in my name, and representing my person, you may treat, regulate, settle, and sign the said definitive treaty of peace between my Crown and that of France on the one part, that of England and that of Portugal on the other, with the Ministers who shall be equally and specially authorised by their respective Sovereigns for the same purpose; acknowledging, as I do from this time acknowledge, as accepted and ratified, whatever you shall so treat, conclude, and sign; promising, on my Royal Word, that I will observe and fulfil the same, will cause it to be observed and fulfilled, as if it had been treated, concluded, and signed by myself. In witness whereof, I have caused these presents to be dispatched, signed by my hand, sealed with my privy seal, and countersigned by my under­written Counsellor of State, and first Secretary for the department of State and of War. Buen Retiro, the 10th day of December, 1762.

(Signed) I THE KING.

(And lower) Richard Wall


Footnote

The English version of the Treaty of 1763 is taken from the Collection of Treaties compiled by the Hon. Charles Jenkinson, afterwards Lord Liverpool, and which appeared under the following title:--"A Collection of all the Treaties of Peace, Alliance, and Commerce, Between Great­Britain and other Powers. From the Treaty signed at Munster in 1648, to the Treaties signed at Paris in 1783. By the Right Hon. Charles Jenkinson. In three Volumes." The Treaty of 1763 is contained in Vol. III, pp. 177­197.

This was taken directly from a wonderful collection of documents compiled by Adam Shortt and Arthur G. Doughty, eds. Documents Relating to the Constitutional History of Canada, 2nd. rev. ed. 1759-1791 (Ottawa: Public Archives of Canada (King's Printer), 1918). Recommended. [ I don't like to editorialize, but I feel that this is at least important to state: An important reference work like this that is made available for the public is not an open invitation to vanadalize it. The copy I had was full of scrawlings penciled in everywhere and even had its reproduced map of New France as it was in 1759 nearly torn out. Works like these should be treated with respect and saved, not like a dime-store notepad you throw away with your failed school paper on law. -Ed. ]


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William F. Maton